International
From Vietnam to Afghanistan, All US Governments Lie
The Washington Post has, after more than two years of investigation, that senior foreign policy officials in the White House, State and Defense departments have known for some time that the U.S. intervention in Afghanistan was failing.
Interview transcripts from the , obtained by the Post after many lawsuits, show that for 18 years these same officials have .
In other words, government officials have been .
Few people are shocked. That鈥檚 a stark contrast to 1971, when the , a classified study of decision-making about Vietnam, were leaked and published. The explosive Pentagon Papers showed that the U.S. government had systematically lied about the reality that the U.S. was losing the Vietnam War.
The failure of the U.S. campaign in Afghanistan has been known for years. . These goals included a strong, democratic, uncorrupt central government; the defeat of the Taliban; eliminating the poppy fields that contribute to the world鈥檚 heroin problem; an effective military and police and creating a healthy, diversified economy.
The Inspector General has repeatedly documented the reality in its widely available (and widely reported) .
Despite this public record of failure, political and military gains on the ground, even that the U.S. could prevail.
Privately, they have been wringing their hands.
Shades of Vietnam.
Sad history of Vietnam
The revealed that senior officials asserted in the 1960s that the Viet Cong were dying in record numbers, enemy leadership was decapitated and there was .鈥 Defense Secretary Robert McNamara and his commanders, who knew the reality, continuously called for even more force from 1961 to 1969.
H.R. McMaster, , excoriated the military for not bringing the truth to President Lyndon Johnson, for presenting Johnson with the 鈥渓ies that led to Vietnam.鈥
The U.S. was winning in Vietnam, until it was not. Right up to the moment and were airlifted off the building鈥檚 roof.
Are comparisons justified?
Afghanistan is not Vietnam, it is said.
that the U.S. must be in Afghanistan for America鈥檚 security even if reconstruction fails. that there were no lies; officials were clear the policy was in trouble. He avoids discussing the voluminous true statements The Washington Post uncovered that were not made publicly.
The U.S. was ignorant about both countries. , for example, I learned that Lt. Gen. Douglas Lute, the Bush-Obama Afghanistan coordinator, .
Now we learn, courtesy of The Washington Post, that, when interviewed in 2015 as part of Special Inspector General鈥檚 鈥溾 project, , 鈥淲e were devoid of a fundamental understanding of Afghanistan 鈥 we didn鈥檛 have the foggiest notion of what we were undertaking.鈥
While Afghanistan is clearly not Vietnam, Washington is still Washington.
Prevarication as policy
After I see no mystery here. Concealment, deception and outright lies have characterized U.S. national security policy for decades 鈥 from the and to the and more.
, permanently exposing the gap between myth 鈥 the government knows everything better 鈥 and reality 鈥 that policy is failing.
Since Vietnam, the media and congressional, think-tank and scholarly investigators have suspected something with every intervention. , the truth about Afghanistan has been clear; public opinion has been way ahead of what The Washington Post revealed.
Good reasons for lies
Lies are an integral part of national security operations. They seek credibility for government policy. They mislead adversaries, cover up mistakes and failures.
Above all, they are intended to secure public support for policy and defeat opposition at home. Political scientist John Mearsheimer has that governments don鈥檛 often lie to their allies and adversaries, 鈥渂ut instead seem more inclined to lie to their own people.鈥
In particular, secrecy and deception convey power. As philosopher Sissela Bok , 鈥淒eception can be coercive. When it succeeds, it can give power to the deceiver.鈥
Secrecy allows policies to be tweaked . Insiders gain influence arguing for new approaches to the same goals. Even the goals can shift as interventions deteriorate. The political consequences of failure may be avoided.
It is rare for an official to acknowledge failure and reverse policy; personal, political and national credibility may be at stake. President Johnson insisted that he was not going to be the did not want to 鈥渓ose鈥 Afghanistan.
An act of political courage 鈥 like the , who understood France had lost its fight, is rare.
Trust broken
Why has The Washington Post series not been explosive?
In part, the Pentagon Papers between the policymakers and the American people was severed forever.
In part, the lies about Afghanistan have been in plain sight for years, courtesy of the media and the Special Inspector General.
And in part, the public is less directly engaged. The warriors are now , not conscripts drawn from the general public. of what they were .
Nonetheless, lying about military interventions carries a serious risk. in the credibility of our democratic government. That erosion was later reinforced by the Watergate scandal. As , 鈥渄eception of this kind strikes at the very essence of democratic government.鈥
British leader Winston Churchill , 鈥淚n war-time truth is so precious that she should always be attended by a bodyguard of lies.鈥 Deception aimed at the public and the Axis was an essential part of Churchill鈥檚 war strategy.
The Afghanistan papers reveal yet again that statesmen still believe the truth should be concealed. But the credibility of statecraft and leadership itself were seriously eroded by the Vietnam lies, weakening the fabric of democracy.
The mild reaction to lying in plain sight about Afghanistan suggests the U.S. may be well down the road to unravelling government鈥檚 credibility and our democracy altogether.
, Professor Emeritus,
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